Menopause Information for Women

What is menopause?

Menopause is the permanent end of periods, as the ovaries stop releasing eggs and producing hormones as before. A woman is considered to have reached menopause after 12 months in a row without a period.

Menopause usually happens between the ages of 45 and 55. Menopause before 40 is considered premature and should be checked by a doctor.

Common symptoms

• Hot flushes and night sweats
• Trouble sleeping
• Mood changes, anxiety or low mood
• Vaginal dryness and painful sex
• Joint and muscle aches
• Difficulty concentrating or forgetfulness

When should I see a doctor?

See a doctor if symptoms disrupt daily life, if your periods stop before 40, or if you have any vaginal bleeding after menopause. Bleeding after menopause always needs to be checked.

Is hormone therapy safe?

For many healthy women under 60, or within 10 years of menopause, the benefits of hormone therapy for symptom relief generally outweigh the risks. The decision should always be made with your doctor based on your own health.

What can I do myself?

Staying active, eating a balanced diet with enough calcium, not smoking, limiting alcohol and caffeine, and keeping a regular sleep routine can ease symptoms and protect long-term health.

Does menopause affect bones and the heart?

Yes. Falling estrogen speeds up bone loss and raises the risk of heart disease. Regular checks of blood pressure, blood sugar, cholesterol and bone density are recommended.

This information is general and does not replace a consultation with your doctor.